Administering Enema

OVERVIEW To evacuate the bowel of stool caused by constipation. To cleanse the bowel prior to surgery or other procedures for which the bowel, colon, and rectum are visualized. PREPARATION Determine patient’s ability to understand procedure. Assess patient’s ability to participate in procedure, such as holding contents when administered. SPECIAL CONSIDERATIOS Patients who have had recent surgery, or who have arthritis, a cast, lower limb amputations, or fractured pelvis may need additional...

NCLEX Guide

This will facilitate the licensure to CALIFORNIA for Filipino nurses who would prefer to take the NCLEX®. ~Step-by-step Procedure ~ How to get application form: 1. Please visit http://www.rn.ca.gov 2. Click the Licensure and Examination. (on the left side) 3. Then, Click the option Licensure by examination. 4. Lastly, click the Application for Licensure by Examination (PDF file) 5. Print the form. How to acquire and accomplish the Fingerprint card: MANUAL FINGERPRINT PROCESS 1. E mail...

Assessing Pressure Ulcers Risk

OVERVIEW To provide a method for evaluating a patient for the presence of risk factors that could lead to the development of a pressure ulcer. To determine the presence of risk factors, provide a rationale for implementing preventive measures to avoid pressure ulcers, and maintain skin integrity. To perform a skin assessment for the presence of any lesions, ulcers, blisters rashes, warmth, redness, bruising, scaling, moisture, or dryness. PREPARATION Screen all patients on admission to determine...

Positioning After a Medical Procedure

1. Px w/ R pneumonectomy, post-op position = R side lying 2. Post liver biopsy = placed R side lying 3. Rales at L lower lobe of lungs, px must be positioned for chest PT = on his R side w/ hip slightly higher than the head 4. When inserting TPN to a central line, w/c position shld. the RN place the px to prevent introducing air to the system = Trendelendburg 5. How shld. the RN position in hypovolemic shock = flat w/ legs slightly elevated 6. Pregnant in labor is exhibiting late...

Simple Principles of Safe Moving and Manual Handling

Thinking through each individual situation and applying the following simple principles when moving and handling will enable you to maintain health and safety whilst undertaking the task. • Assessment of the task A full and comprehensive assessment should be made of the task before undertaking the move. This assessment of all aspects of the task will enable you to identify risks and hazards and to problem solve to enable the undertaking of safe manoeuvres. • Maintain a stable base Position the...

FREE NCLEX REVIEWER

There were like mushrooms of review centers sprouting from one place to another. We don't know their credibilities but still we enroll and entrust to them our futures hoping that they could help us pass the examination. Lets admit, we are easily drained by their advertisements that they produces Top Notchers and had a high caliber reviewers. I am not against the review centers well in fact I enroll myself in a review center during my local board exam and I regret it!!! Its just a waste of money...

A Fit Of Anger

Conception of a child is always a blessing to the family. Parents feel ambivalent feelings toward the developing child in the mothers womb. I have assisted couple of deliveries of baby and it really feels so good to see the baby coming out. And they deserved to be welcome in the outside world, to let them feel that they are special especially to the parents. You can really see a relief in the mothers face after the delivery its not because that the pain is over but its because of their child. Whatever...

COMMON DRUGS AND ITS ANTIDOTES

AGENT ANTIDOTEWARFARIN ---PHYTONADIONE (VIT K)TYLENOL ---ACETYLCYSTEINETRICYCLIC ---PHYSOSTIGMINE or NaHCO3POTASSIUM ---ALBUTEROL,...

NURSING THEORIES AND CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORKS

THEORIST GOAL OF NURSING FRAMEWORK FOR PRACTICE Nightingale-1860 To facilitate the bodys reparative process by manipulating clients environment Clients environment is manipulated to include appropriate noise, nutrition, hygiene, light, comfort, socialization, and hope. Peplau- 1952 To develop interaction between nurse and client Nursing is a significant therapeutic, interpersonal process. Nurses participate in structuring healt cars system to facilitate...

HEART AND ALL...

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PATIENT'S BILL OF RIGHTS

PATIENT'S BILL OF RIGHTS the patient has the right to considerate and respectful care. The patient has the right to obtain from his physician complete and current information concerning his diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis in terms the patient can be reasonably expected to understand. The patient has the right to receive from his physician information necessary to give informed consent prior to the start of any procedure and/or treatment. The patient has the right to refuse treatment and...

STROKE

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CATHETERIZATION

CATHETERIZATION Urinary catheterization is the introduction of a catheter through the urethra into the bladder for the purpose of withdrawing urine. TYPES Intermittent - Periodic catheterization to facilitate urine flow. Indwelling - A thin tube communicating to the body surface, inserted into the vascular system and positioned to permit pressure measurements or blood sampling over a long period of time. PURPOSES to relieve urinary retention. To obtain a sterile urine specimen...

TRIAGE PRINCIPLES

Triage Principles:· Mettag: RED – Priority I – Immediate attention. Identifier is a Mettag torn to the red stripe or Roman numeral I placed on the forehead or back of left hand. First priority casualties are those that have life-threatening injuries that are readily correctable. For purposes of priority for dispatch to the hospital, however, a second sorting or review may be necessary so only those “transportable” cases are taken early. Some will require extensive stabilization at the scene...

Part II for MCN

Agnes, a 30 year old woman has just discovered she is pregnant for the first time. She missed her menstrual period 4 weeks ago and came to the office for a pregnancy test, which was positive. 1. Agnes' urine pregnancy test revealed a positive result. Which of the following statement about urine pregnancy test is true? a. it is the detection of HCG in urine which is highly concentrated in the morning b.presence of progesterone confirming pregnancy c. there is shedding of endometrial lining d. frequent...

Gastritis

Description a. inflammation of the stomach or gastric mucosa b. acute: caused by the ingestion of food contaminated with disease causing microorganisms or food that is irritating or too highly seasoned, the overuse of aspirin or other NSAID's, excessive alcohol intake, bile reflux or radiation therapy c. chronic: caused by benign or malignant ulcers or by the bacteria Helicobacter pylori, may also be caused by autoimmune diseases, dietary factors, medications, alcohol, smoking...

Cerebral Palsy

-group of non-progressive and non-contagious disorder of upper motor neuron-its complication is Orthopedic deformitiesCause unknownRisk Factor 1. low birth weight 2. prebirth 3. brain anoxia 4. intrauterine anoxia 5. nutritional deficiencies - folic acid 6. drugs - teratogens 7. maternal infections - TORCH 8. head injury a. child abuse b. shaker baby syndrome 9. infections - meningitis, encephalitisTypes...

Hiatal Hernia

Description 1. also known as esophageal or diaphragmatic hernia 2. a portion of the stomach herniates through the diaphragm and into the thorax. 3. it results from weakening of the muscles of the diaphragm and is aggravated by factors that increase abdominal pressure such as pregnancy, ascites, obesity, tumors and heavy lifting 4. complications include ulceration, hemorrhage, regurgitation and aspiration of stomach contents, strangulations and incarceration of the stomach...

Gastroesophageal Reflux

Description 1. the back flow of gastric and doudenal contents into the esophagus 2. caused by an incompetent lower esophageal sphincter, pyloric stenosis or a motility disorder 3. symptoms may mimic those of a heart attackAssesment a. Pyrosis, dyspepsis, regurgitiation, pain and difficulty with swallowing, hypersalivationImplementation 1. instruct tha patient to avoid factors that decrease lower esophageal sphincter pressure or cause esophageal irritation. ...

Hydrocephalus

-also known as: water-headTwo types a. Communicating -also known as: extraventricular, non-obstructive -failure of reabsorption is the main cause for this type b. Non-communicating - also known as: obstructive type - CSF cannot freely flow (obstruction) - obstruction in the ventricular systemCause a. could be tumor in Choroid plexusManagement a. if overproduction...

Low Fat Tips

1. Eat at least three meals per day. 2. Eat more fruits, vegetables, grain and cereals such as rice, noodles and potato. 3. If you use butter or margarine, pat it on thinly. 4. Choose low fat substitute i.e. replace whole milk with skimmed milk, low fat cheese and sherbet. 5. Become a label reader. Look for foods that have less than 5 grams of fat per 100 grams of product. 6. Eat less high fat snacks and take aways (i.e. potato chips, sausage rolls, breaded meals). 7. Cut all visible fat from...

Leavell and Clark's THREE LEVEL OF PREVENTION

PRIMARY PREVENTION- Generalized health promotion and specific protection against diseases. It precedes disease or dysfunction and is applied to generally healthy individuals or groups Examples: Ø Health education about accident and prevention, standards of nutrition and growth and development, protect against occupational hazards, and so on. Ø Immunization Ø Risk assessments for specific disease Ø Family planning services and marriage counseling Ø...

ORGAN DONATION

Requirements: Any person 18 years of age or older may become an organ donor by written consent. Informed choice to donate an organ can take place with the use of a written document signed by the client prior to death, a will, or a donor card or an advance directive. In the absence of appropriate documentation, a family member or legal guardian may authorize donation on the descendant’s organs. In case of newborns, they must be full term already ( more than 200...