Cerebral Palsy
-group of non-progressive and non-contagious disorder of upper motor neuron
-its complication is Orthopedic deformities
Cause
unknown
Risk Factor
1. low birth weight
2. prebirth
3. brain anoxia
4. intrauterine anoxia
5. nutritional deficiencies - folic acid
6. drugs - teratogens
7. maternal infections - TORCH
8. head injury
a. child abuse
b. shaker baby syndrome
9. infections - meningitis, encephalitis
Types
a. Spastic
1. excessive muscle tone
2. hypertonia- abnormal tightening of the muscle
3. abnormal clonus- violent and confused motions
4. abnormal reflexes- babinski is present
5. scissors gait- knees come in across
- tightening of adductor muscle
6. walk in their toes
7. hemiplegia- prominent in upper extremities
8. asteriognosis
9. quadriplegia- all four limbs are affected
10. diplegia/paraplegia- prominent in lower extremities
b. Dyskinetic/ Athetoid
1. worm like
2. damage to corpus stiatum (basal ganglia)
3. all limbs
4. speech problem
5. limp/ flaccid
6. cannot hold in upright position
7. choreoid- irregular jerking movements
8. entails a lot of work and concentration towards a certain spot
c. Ataxia
1. failure to put in order
2. cerebellum is affected
3. wide based gait
4. child is unable to perform fine motr coordination
5. child is unable to perform rapid and repetitive movements
d. Mixed
1. delayed motor movements
2. abnormal posture
3. abnormal reflexes
4. abnormal head diameter
5. abnormal muscle tone and performance
Management
1. education
2. self-care "nutrition"
3. speech therapy
4. ambulation
5. safety
6. parental support
7. self-esteem
8.
-its complication is Orthopedic deformities
Cause
unknown
Risk Factor
1. low birth weight
2. prebirth
3. brain anoxia
4. intrauterine anoxia
5. nutritional deficiencies - folic acid
6. drugs - teratogens
7. maternal infections - TORCH
8. head injury
a. child abuse
b. shaker baby syndrome
9. infections - meningitis, encephalitis
Types
a. Spastic
1. excessive muscle tone
2. hypertonia- abnormal tightening of the muscle
3. abnormal clonus- violent and confused motions
4. abnormal reflexes- babinski is present
5. scissors gait- knees come in across
- tightening of adductor muscle
6. walk in their toes
7. hemiplegia- prominent in upper extremities
8. asteriognosis
9. quadriplegia- all four limbs are affected
10. diplegia/paraplegia- prominent in lower extremities
b. Dyskinetic/ Athetoid
1. worm like
2. damage to corpus stiatum (basal ganglia)
3. all limbs
4. speech problem
5. limp/ flaccid
6. cannot hold in upright position
7. choreoid- irregular jerking movements
8. entails a lot of work and concentration towards a certain spot
c. Ataxia
1. failure to put in order
2. cerebellum is affected
3. wide based gait
4. child is unable to perform fine motr coordination
5. child is unable to perform rapid and repetitive movements
d. Mixed
1. delayed motor movements
2. abnormal posture
3. abnormal reflexes
4. abnormal head diameter
5. abnormal muscle tone and performance
Management
1. education
2. self-care "nutrition"
3. speech therapy
4. ambulation
5. safety
6. parental support
7. self-esteem
8.
Categories:
Medical Surgical Nursing
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